誰でも & 誰にも = Dare demo & Dare nimo (Mini Lesson #144)
September 27, 2011 in Mini Lesson from No.124
「マギー、日本語なんて誰でも教えられるよ。」
= Maggie, Nihongo nante daredemo oshierareru yo.
= Hey, Maggie, anybody can teach Japanese, you know.
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「日本語を教える情熱は誰にも負けないわよ！」
= Nihongo wo oshieru jōnetsu wa darenimo makenai wayo!
= Nobody can beat my passion for teaching Japanese!
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みんな、元気？= Minna genki? = How are you everyone?
This lesson is for one of my favorite Twitter followers アーナナーシュ who has always tried hard to do any quizzes or homework!
He asked me the difference between 誰でも(= daredemo) & 誰にも(= darenimo).
I will finally make a lesson to answer his question with his adorable doggie, Pepsi-Sensei!
Now let’s take a look at what Pepsi-sensei said in above picture.
「マギー、日本語なんて誰でも教えられるよ。」
= Maggie, Nihongo nante daredemo oshierareru yo.
= Hey, Maggie, anybody can teach Japanese, you know.
Note : なんて= nante = a particle to belittle something/someone. (It is ”just Japanese!” kind of feeling.)
When you look this word up the dictionary, it says both of 誰でも(=daredemo) and 誰にも (=darenimo) are “anybody“.
No wonder it is confusing for Japanese learners, huh?
But the rules are very simple! 
誰でも(=daredemo) + affirmative sentence / no matter who it is
誰にも(=darenimo)+ negative sentence, negative imperative sentence / nobody
Ex.誰でもわかる
= daredemo wakaru
= Anybody can get/understand it.
Ex.誰にもわからない
= darenimo wakaranai
= Nobody can get /understand it
Ex. 誰でもまねできる。
= Daredemo mane dekiru.
= Anybody can do (copy/imitate) that.
Ex.誰にもまねできない。
= darenimo mane dekinai.
= Nobody can do (copy/imitate) that.
When you say “anybody” does/can, you use 誰でも(=daredemo)
Ex. 誰でも今日はただで入れます。
= Daredemo kyō wa tada de hairemasu.
= Anybody can enter free of charge today.
Ex. 女の子だったら誰でもケーキが好きなはずだ。
= onnanoko dattara daredemo keiki ga sukina hazuda.
= All girls should love cakes. (Literally: If (it) is a girl, anyone should like cakes.)
Note : The difference between 誰か (=dareka) and 誰でも(=daredemo )
Ex. 誰か手伝って！
= Daredaka tetsudatte!
= Someone help me! ? / Anyone can help me?
Ex. 誰でもいいから手伝って！
= Daredemo ii kara tetsudatte!
= Someone help me! / Anyone can help me? to right! (implying I don’t care who it is, help me!）
You use 誰にも(=darenimo) with negative quotes or negative imperative sentences.
In the above picture, I said,
「日本語を教える情熱は誰にも負けないわよ！」
= Nihongo wo oshieru jounetsu wa darenimo makenai wayo!
= Nobody can beat my passion for teaching Japanese!
(Note : わよ(= wayo) ending is for female speech
誰にも負けない= darenimo makenai = won’t lose to anyone)
Ex. マギーの気持は誰にもわからない。
= Maggie no kimochi wa darenimo wakaranai.
= Nobody knows how Maggie feels.
Ex. こんな難しい問題は誰にも解けない。
= Konna muzukashii mondai wa darenimo tokenai.
= Nobody can solve such a difficult problem.
Ex. 「このことは、誰にも言わないでね。」
= Kono koto wa darenimo iwanaide ne.
= Don’t tell anybody about this.
Ex. 誰にも私の秘密は教えない。
= Darenimo watashi no himitsu wa oshienai.
= I won’t tell my secret to anybody.
Ex. 誰にも彼女の大変さはわからないと思う。
= Darenimo kanojo no taihensa wa wakarani to omō.
= I think nobody can understand her hardship.
マギー先生より= Maggie Sensei yori = From Maggie Sensei
ペプシ先生ありがとう！= Pepushi Sensei arigatō! = Thank you, Pepsi-Sensei!
この日本語のレッスンは、ゆかりが手伝ってくれてるの。でも誰にも言わないでね。 
= Kono nihongo no ressun wa yukari ga tetsudatte kurete iru no. Demo darenimo iwanai dene.
= Yukari helps me with these Japanese lessons but don’t tell anybody”!
Thank you so much for writing this very informative lesson, Maggie-sensei! I’ve always been confused about when and how to use 「誰でも」and「誰にも」.
A friend recently introduced me to your website and I’m backtracking your lessons bit by bit! I’m self-studying Japanese and I have a long way to go but your lessons are very helpful, informative and very interesting too!
ありがとうございます！
@sonattan
Hello, sonattan!! Thank you for your first comment! I am glad to hear this lesson was helpful.
There are lots of lessons but they are random. Go through the index. Hope you can find some useful lessons for you.
Feel free to ask me any questions here.
Thanks Maggie, Pepsi and Yukari sensei! Your passion in teaching Japanese inspires learners like me to do my best.
More powers to your blog!
@Amelie
Thank you for always having a great attitude towards learning Japanese!!
Why do you say “Nihongo wo oshieru jounetsu wa darenimo makenai wayo” Instead of “Nihongo wo oshieru jounetsu wa darenimo katanai wayo” ?
@Jason
Because 勝たない(= katanai) means “not to win”
and 負けない(= makenai) means “nobody can beat me”
負ける(=makeru)= to lose→ negative form: 負けない(= makenai) = unbeaten, not to lose
勝つ (=katsu) = to beat/to win → negative form: 勝たない(=katanai) = not to win/ to lose
I think I understand. It’s like saying “it loses to no one” So darenimo means nobody in this context. I was thinking it should be ” it beats everyone”. Thanks for your help.
@Jason1982
どういたしまして！(＾▽＾)/
マギー先生最高！
あはは、ゆかり先生タイプしてくれているね＾＾
ありがとう、ゆかり先生！＜３
@Aki
ありがと！アキ！
Shhh! 誰にも言わないでよ！ 前足でタイプできないからね。
Maggie-sensei, is it correct to say 「日本語を教える情熱は誰でも勝つわよ！」 –> “When it comes to teach Japanese, I beat anyone!”?
@Mweggy
Hi, Mweggy!
“誰でも勝つわよ” means “Anyone will/would win”.
Ex. そんな試合、誰でも勝つよ。
= Sonna shiai daredemo katsuyo.
= Anybody would win such a game!
So if you want to say
“I beat anyone! ”
The direct translation is
私は誰にでも勝つ(わよ)！
= Wsatashi wa darenidemo katsu (wayo).
誰にでも = darenidemo
We put the particle に here because “to beat/ to win over someone” is ~に勝つ = ~ ni katsu
But in this case, it is more common to say “I won’t lose to anybody!” = 私は誰にも負けない。= Watashi wa darenimo makenai.
あ、なるほど！
ありがとうございます, マギー先生! Even though that was my first comment I always read your lessons, you’re such a great help! マギー先生の事尊重します！(*^o^*)
@Mweggy
どういたしまして！！またいつでもコメントいれて下さいね。
（尊重 You mean “to respect”= 尊敬= sonkei?) Anyway, thank you!!! Please come back!!
Yes I meant it as “respect”, I thought 尊重 was synonymous with 尊敬… and yes I’ll come back for sure! じゃね,マギー先生! (^-^)/
＠Mweggy
It means “to respect” but 尊重 is usually used for one’s ideas, opinions, thoughts, positions, etc. not people.
あなたの意見(iken =opinion)/ 立場(tachiba= position)/考え (=kanngae= thoughts) を尊重します。
and it also means “to regard, esteem, value”, etc.
OK, will see you in some article comment section again!!
Thanks for your blog. I’ve just started reading it recently, but it has really helped make some things clear. It really helps since I live in Japan
@Ace I am happy to hear you found us! また来てね！
Hi can I ask if 誰も=誰にも？
@mel
Hi, mel!
誰も and 誰にも :
They are not the same :
１）When に in 誰にも is an Indirect Object Marker, you can’t switch them.
Indirect Object Marker に:
Ex. Maggieにこれをあげます。= I will give this to Maggie
Ex. Maggieに秘密（ひみつ）を話（はな）す。 = to tell Maggie one’s secret.
→
Ex. これは誰にもあげません。= I won’t give this to anybody. (X これは誰もあげません。This means “Nobody will give this.）
Ex. 誰にも秘密を話しません。= I won’t tell my secret to anybody. （X 誰も秘密を話しません。This means “Nobody tells the secret.）
When 誰も is used as a subject,
Ex. Nobody knows = 誰も知らない= daremo shiranai, you can’t say 誰にも知らない= darenimo shiranai. This doesn’t make any sense.
1) When に in 誰にも is used as emphasizing of 誰も, you can switch them.
Nobody knows what I am thinking about.
a: 誰にも私の考えていることはわからない。＞b : 誰も私の考えていることはわからない。
a) emphasizes “Nobody” more than b)
thanks alot maggie sensei!(:
i am now clearer about those two words. however can i ask from your example,
誰にもわからない
= darenimo wakaranai
= Nobody can get /understand it
does 誰にも知らない= darenimo shiranai.
=nobody can know it?
(or does it make no sense like what you said from the previous comment? sorry im a little confused here! gomenasai!)
once again thanks alot!(:
@mel
I assume you already know the difference of the meaning between 知る(= to know, to learn) and わかる (= to understand)
While わかる is an intransitive verb, 知る is a transitive verb and we have to use different particle for each verb.
*(object) がわかる (Note : Occasionally you can say ~をわかる）
*(object) を知る （We never say ~が知る）
We sometimes use に when we want to emphasize the subject.
私は〜がわかる =I understand ~
→subject + には Emphasizing the subject “I” →私には〜がわかる= (emphasizing the subject “I”) ( (Maybe you or other people don’t but ) I understand ~
→subject + にも Adding the nuance of “even” (Even I know ~or Also I know ) →私にも〜がわかる (Even I understand ~ )
Now the verb 知る can’t use with the particle に
*私は〜を知っている。= I know ~ →(negative form) 私は〜を知らない = I don’t know~
So you can’t say 私には〜を知っている or 私に〜を知らない
That is why you can’t say 誰にも知らない。We just say 誰も知らない = Nobody knows.
あっそっか！教えてくれてありがとうございました！有り難いことです。(i backtracked your lessons and found this phrase!^^)ごめんね、i only started learning japanese last year,だから、私の日本語は上手でわない。thankyou so much for your long and detailed explanation! i look forward to your future lessons!(:
@mel
どういたしまして。Hope you keep learning! がんばって！
(a little correction : 上手でわない→上手ではない。）
How come people say なんでもないです and not なににもないです? 例えば：
友：「もうあなたのタイムカードを落としたよ」
私：「あ、そっか！めっちゃありがとう！」
友：「なんでもないです！」
今まで、このブログを知って、悔しいだよ！Maggie先生、質問があるんですが、
だれでも分かる＝anybody can understand it
だれにも分からない＝nobody can understand it
では、not everyone can understand it 日本語でなんと言いますか。
@rokuvo
Hi rokuvo!
not everyone can understand it =みんな(or すべての人）がわかるわけではない（です）
今まで、このブログを知って、悔しいだよ！
You mean “今までこのブログを知らなくて悔しいよ”？