
ใใใฃใคใ! ใจใขใณใณๅ
ฅใใจใใฆใญใใ
= ใใฃใคใ! ใจใขใณใณใใใจใใฆใญใ
= Attsuu! Eakon iretoite ne.
= Itโs so hoooot! Be sure to turn on the A/C for me, OK?
Hi everyone!
I have made many casual Japanese lessons in the past, and today Iโd like to put compile those expressions together in one lesson. Most of the grammar patterns and expressions here are considered grammatically incorrect or inappropriate in formal writing or essays. So be careful! This lesson is NOT for preparing for the JLPT or school exams. However, as I always say, even though learning formal or textbook Japanese is great and necessary for true fluency โ itโs also fun to see how people ACTUALLY speak in everyday life. Also, the words and expressions Iโm sharing today arenโt trendy slang that change quickly โ theyโre natural, everyday expressions that native speakers actually use!
โญ๏ธCasual Grammar patterns:
Now, letโs go through some casual grammar patterns. Iโll go over the basic patterns with a few example sentences, and include links to more detailed lessons for each topic.
๐นVerb ใฆใใ/~ใงใใ ( = te iru / de iru) : Doing something/ have been doing (habitual actions)/ Describing a current state.
โCasual form: Drop ใ ( = i) โ Verb ใฆใ / ใงใ ( = teru/deru)
Since the ใ is dropped, this is called ใๆใ่จ่๏ผใใฌใใใจใฐ = inuki kotoba ๏ผ, literally โi-removed word,โ or the โi-droppingโ form.
Ex. ใใฎๆผขๅญใฎ่ชญใฟๆนใ็ฅใฃใฆใใ๏ผ
= ใใฎใใใใฎใใฟใใใใใฃใฆใใ๏ผ
= Kono kanji no yomikata, shitteiru?
= Do you know how to read this kanji?
โ(casual) ใใฎๆผขๅญใฎ่ชญใฟๆนใ็ฅใฃใฆใ๏ผ
= ใใฎใใใใฎใใฟใใใใใฃใฆใ๏ผ
= Kono kanji no yomikata, shitteru?
Ex. ๅ
ๆฐใซใใฆใใพใใ๏ผ
= ใใใใซใใฆใใพใใ๏ผ
= How are you doing?
โ(casual) ๅ
ๆฐใซใใฆ ใ๏ผ
โ(more casual) ๅ
ๆฐใซใใฆใ๏ผ
Ex. ๅฅๅบทใฎใใใซใๆฏๆฅใ้่ใธใฅใผในใ้ฃฒใใงใใใใ
= ใใใใใฎใใใซใใพใใซใกใใใใใธใฅใผในใใฎใใงใใใ
= I drink vegetable juice every day for my health, you know.
โ(casual) ๅฅๅบทใฎใใใซใๆฏๆฅใ้่ใธใฅใผในใ้ฃฒใใงใใใ
= ใใใใใฎใใใซใใพใใซใกใใใใใธใฅใผในใใฎใใงใใใ
Ex. ใใฎๅบใฏๅคใฎ๏ผ๏ผๆใพใง้ใใฆใใใ
= ใใฎใฟใใฏใใใฎ๏ผ๏ผใใพใงใใใฆใใใ
= This shop/restaurant/place is open until 11 p.m.
โ (casual) ใใฎๅบใฏๅคใฎ๏ผ๏ผๆใพใง้ใใฆใใ
= ใใฎใฟใใฏใใใฎ๏ผ๏ผใใพใงใใใฆใใ
๏ผKono mise wa yoru no juuichiji made aiteru.
Ex. ใใ๏ผ้ฑ้ใๅฝผๅฅณใจ่ฉฑใใฆใใชใใ
=ใใใใฃใใ
ใใใใใใฎใใใจใฏใชใใฆใใชใใ
= Mou isshuukan mo kanojo to hanashite inai.
= I havenโt talked to my girlfriend for a week.
โ(casual)ใใ๏ผ้ฑ้ใๅฝผๅฅณใจ่ฉฑใใฆใชใใ
= ใใใใฃใใ
ใใใใใใฎใใใจใฏใชใใฆใชใใ
= Mou isshuukan mo kanojo to hanashitenai.
Ex. ่ท็ฉใ่ฆใฆใใฆใใใพใใ๏ผ
= ใซใใคใใฟใฆใใฆใใใพใใ๏ผ
= Nimotsu wo miteite kuremasu ka?
= Could you keep an eye on my bags?
โ(casual) ่ท็ฉ่ฆใฆใฆใใใ๏ผ
= ใซใใคใฟใฆใฆใใใ๏ผ
= Nimotsu mitete kureru?
Ex. ใใกใใงๅพ
ใฃใฆใใฆใใ ใใใญใ
= ใใกใใงใพใฃใฆใใฆใใ ใใใญใ
= Please wait here, OK?
โ(casual) ใใใงๅพ
ใฃใฆใฆใญใ
= ใใใงใพใฃใฆใฆใญใ
= Koko de mattete ne.
๐น Verbใฆใใ ( = te iru ) / ใงใใ ( = de iru) + ใฎ ( = no) /ใงใ ( = desu ) (๏ผใ ( = ka) ): to state or emphasize what someone is doing / has been doing (habitually) / to describe a current state / to ask what someone is doing.
โ Casual form: Drop ใ and change ใ ( = ru) to ใ ( = n)
Verbใฆใใ ( = te iru)
โ (drop ใ ( = i) )
โใฆใ ( = teru)
โ ใใฆใ ( = ten) + ใฎ ( = no) /ใงใ ( = desu ) ๏ผ๏ผใ (= ka))
Verbใงใใ ( = de iru)
โ (drop ใ( = i)) โใงใ ( = deru ) โ ใใงใ ( = den) + ใฎ ( โ no) /ใงใ ( = desu) ๏ผ๏ผใ ( = ka))
Ex. ้ฑๆซใฏใใคใไฝใใใฆใใใฎ?
= ใใ
ใใพใคใฏใใคใใชใซใใใฆใใใฎ๏ผ
= Shuumatsu wa itsumo nani wo shite iru no?
= What do you usually do on weekends?
โ(casual) ้ฑๆซใฏใใคใไฝใใฆใใฎ๏ผ
= ใใ
ใใพใคใฏใใคใใชใซใใฆใใฎ๏ผ
= Shuumatsu wa itsumo nani shitenno?
(Note: In casual conversation, particles like ใ are often omitted.)
Ex. ไฝใ้ฃฒใใงใใใฎใงใใ๏ผ
= ใชใซใใฎใใงใใใฎใงใใ๏ผ
= Nani wo nonde iru no deus ka?
= What are you drinking?
โ(casual) ไฝใ้ฃฒใใงใใฎ๏ผ
= ใชใซใใฎใใงใใฎ๏ผ
= Nani, nondenno?
Ex. ใ้ใซๅฐใฃใฆใใใฎใ ใฃใใๅฐใ่ฒธใใใ
= ใใใญใซใใพใฃใฆใใใฎใ ใฃใใใใใใใใใ
= Okane ni komatte iru no dattara sukoshi kasu yo.
= If youโre having trouble with money, Iโll lend you some, you know.
โ(casual) ใ้ใซๅฐใฃใฆใใใ ใฃใใๅฐใ่ฒธใใใ
= ใใใญใซใใพใฃใฆใใใ ใฃใใใใใใใใใ
= Okane ni komatterundattara sukoshi kasu yo.
Related Lesson: โจHow to use ใใฆใใ ( = te iru)
Link:ย Click here
๐นVerb (te-form) ใฆใใ( = te oku) ๏ผto do something in advance, in preparation / have something ready for later/to do something and leave it as is.
โ Casual form: ใจใ ( = toku)
Ex. ๅบใใใๅใซใ้ฃฏใ็ใใฆใใใพใใญใ
= ใงใใใใพใใซใใฏใใใใใฆใใใพใใญใ
= Dekakeru mae ni gohan wo taite okimasu ne.
= Iโll cook rice before going out.
โ(casual) ๅบใใใๅใซใ้ฃฏ็ใใจใใญใ
= ใงใใใใพใใซใใฏใใใใจใใญใ
= Dekakeru mae ni gohan taitoku ne.
Ex. ๆดๅคใ่ฒทใฃใฆใใใฆ (ใใ ใใ)ใ
= ใใใใใใใฃใฆใใใฆ๏ผใใ ใใ๏ผใ
= Senzai wo katte oite (kudasai).
= Buy some detergent, please.
โ(casual) ๆดๅคใ่ฒทใฃใจใใฆใ
= ใใใใใใใฃใจใใฆใ
= Senzai, kattoite.
Ex. ่ใใฆใใใพใใ
= ใใใใใฆใใใพใใ
= Kangaete okimasu.
= Iโll think about it.
โ(casual) ่ใใจใใ
= ใใใใใจใใ
= Kangaetoku.
Ex. ใใฎใผใซใใฃใใใใใใ่จใฃใฆใใใฆใใ ใใใ
= ใใฎใผใซใใฃใใใใใใใใฃใฆใใใฆใใ ใใใ
= Maggie ni attara yoroshiku itteoite kudasai.
= When you see Maggie, tell her hello from me.
โ(casual) ใใฎใผใซใใฃใใใใใใ่จใฃใจใใฆ
= ใใฎใผใซใใฃใใใใใใใใฃใจใใฆใ
= Maggie ni attara yoroshiku ittoite.
= When you see Maggie, tell her hello from me.
Related Lesson:
Casual Contraction: ใฆใใ ( = teiru)
โใฆใ ( = ten), ใฆใใ( = teoku) โใจใ ( = toku)
Link : Click here.
๐น ใฏ ( =wa) (topic marker): to introduce or bring up a topic / to ask about something.โจโ Casual form: ใฃใฆ ( = tte)
Ex. ใใใฏใฉใใใฃใฆ้ฃในใใใใใฎใงใใ๏ผ
= ใใใฏใฉใใใฃใฆใในใใใใใฎใงใใ๏ผ
= Kore wa douyatte tabetara ii no desu ka?
= How can I eat this?
โ(casual) ใใใฃใฆใฉใใใฃใฆ้ฃในใใใใใฎ๏ผ
= ใใใฃใฆใฉใใใฃใฆใในใใใใใฎ๏ผ
= Korette douyatte tabetara ii no?
Ex. ๆๆฅใฏใไฝๆใซ้ใพใใพใใ๏ผ
= ใใใใฏใใชใใใซใใคใพใใพใใ๏ผ
= Ashita wa, nanji ni atsumarimasu ka?
= What time should we get together tomorrow?
โ(casual) ๆๆฅใฃใฆใไฝๆใซ้ใพใใฎ๏ผ
= ใใใใฃใฆใใชใใใซใใคใพใใฎ๏ผ
= Asahitatte, nanji ni atsumaru no?
Ex. ใใฎ่ฉฑใฏใฉใใชใใพใใใ๏ผ
= ใใฎใฏใชใใฏใฉใใชใใพใใใ๏ผ
= Ano hanashi wa dou narimashita ka?
= What happened with that matter?
โ(casual) ใใฎ่ฉฑใฃใฆใฉใใชใฃใ๏ผ
= ใใฎใฏใชใใฃใฆใฉใใชใฃใ๏ผ
= Ano hanashitte dou natta?
๐นใจ ( = to ) = quoting marker : to quote or report what someone said / to explain something.
โ Casual form: ใฃใฆ ( = tte)
Ex. ใใฎใผๅ
็ใๆๆฅใฏ่ฉฆ้จใ ใจ่จใฃใฆใใพใใใใ
= ใใฎใผใใใใใใใใใฏใใใใ ใจใใฃใฆใใพใใใใ
= Maggie Sensei ga ashita wa shiken dato itte imashita yo.
= Maggie Sensei said that thereโs a test tomorrow.
โ (more casual) ใใฎใผๅ
็ใๆๆฅใฏ่ฉฆ้จใ ใฃใฆ๏ผ่จใฃใฆใใ๏ผ
= ใใฎใผใใใใใใใใใฏใใใใ ใฃใฆ๏ผใใฃใฆใใ๏ผใ
Ex. ้ๆจใใใใใใใใจ่จใฃใฆใใพใใใ
= ใใใใใใใใใใใจใใฃใฆใใพใใใ
= Aoki san ga yoroshikui to itte imashita.
= Aoki-san says hello to you.
โ(casual)้ๆจใใใใใใใใฃใฆ
= ใใใใใใใใใใใฃใฆใ
= Aoki san ga yoroshikutte.
Related Lesson: Direct & Indirect speech ๏ผใฃใฆ ( = tte)
Lesson Link : Click here
๐นVerb ใฆใใพใ ( = te shimau) : to finish doing something (to complete an action) / to end up doing something / to do something by accident.
โ Casual form: ใกใใ ( = chau)
(Note: Past tense ใใฆใใพใฃใ ( = teshimatta)
โ Casual form ใกใใฃใ ( = chatta) ๏ผ
Ex. ้ป่ปใใใ่กใฃใฆใใพใฃใใ
= ใงใใใใใใใใฃใฆใใพใฃใใ
= Densha ga mou itte shimatta.
= The train has already left.
โ(casual)้ป่ปใใใ่กใฃใกใใฃใใ
= ใงใใใใใใใใฃใกใใฃใใ
= Densha ga mou icchatta.
Ex. ใใใชใซๅคงใใใใซใใใใใ้ฃในใฆใใพใฃใใฎ๏ผ
= ใใใชใซใใใใใใซใใใใใใในใฆใใพใฃใใฎ๏ผ
= Anna ni ookii onigiri wo mou tabete shimatta no?
= Did you already eat such a big rice ball?
โ (casual) ใใใชใซๅคงใใใใซใใใใใ้ฃในใกใใฃใใฎ๏ผ
= ใใใชใซใใใใใใซใใใใใใในใกใใฃใใฎ๏ผ
= Annna ni ookii onigiri, mou tabechatta no?
Ex. ใๆฏใใใๅฎฟ้กใใใใฃใฆใใพใฃใใใ้ใณใซ่กใฃใฆใใใ๏ผ
= ใใใใใใใใ
ใใ ใใใใใฃใฆใใพใฃใใใใใใณใซใใฃใฆใใใ๏ผ
= Okaasan, shukudai mou yatte shimatta kara asobini itte mo ii?
= Mom, Iโve already finished my homework, so is it okay if I go out to play?
โ(casual) ใๆฏใใใๅฎฟ้กใใใใฃใกใใฃใใใ้ใณใซ่กใฃใฆใใใ๏ผ
= ใใใใใใใใ
ใใ ใใใใใฃใกใใฃใใใใใใณใซใใฃใฆใใใ๏ผ
= Okaasan, shukudai mou yacchatta kara asobini itte mo ii?
Ex. ๆบๅธฏใ่ฝใจใใฆใใพใฃใใ
= ใใใใใใใจใใฆใใพใฃใใ
= Keitai wo otoshite shimatta.
= I dropped my cellphone by accident.
โ(casual)ๆบๅธฏใ่ฝใจใใกใใฃใใ
= ใใใใใใใจใใกใใฃใใ
= Keitai wo otoshichatta.
๐นVerb ใชใใฆใฏใใใชใ ( = nakute wa ikenai) / ใชใใฆใฏใชใใชใ ( = nakutewa naranai) : have to do something/must do something
โCasual verb ใใกใ ( = kucha) / ใใ ( = kya) + ใใใชใ ( = ikenai) /ใชใใชใ ( = naranai)
Ex. ใใ่กใใชใใฆใฏใใใพใใใ/ ใใ่กใใชใใใฐใใใพใใใ
= ใใใใใชใใฆใฏใใใพใใใ/ ใใใใใชใใใฐใใใพใใใ
= Mou ikanakute wa ikemasen. / Mou ikanakuereba ikemasen.
= I have to go now.
โ (casual)ใใ่กใใชใใกใ / ใใ่กใใชใใ
= ใใใใใชใใกใ / ใใใใใชใใ
= Mou ikanakucha/ Mou ikanakya
= I have to go now.
๐นVerb ใฆใฏ ( = tewa) + ใใใชใ ( = ikenai) / ใใใพใใ ( = ikemasen) / (casual) ใ ใ ( = dame) : (to tell someone not to do something / Donโt do something)
โ Casual form: ใกใ ( = cha) + ใใใชใ ( = ikenai) /ใใใพใใ ( = ikemasen ) / (casual) ใ ใ ( = dame)
Ex. ใใพใ็ใใใฎใฐใใ้ฃในใฆใฏใใใชใใใ
= ใใพใใใพใใใฎใฐใใใในใฆใฏใใใชใใใ
= Amari amai mono bakari tabete wa ikenai yo.
= You shouldnโt eat too many sweet things.
โ (casual) ใใพใ็ใใใฎใฐใใ้ฃในใกใใใใชใใใ
= ใใพใใใพใใใฎใฐใใใในใกใใใใชใใใ
= Amari amaimono bakari tabecha ikenai yo.
Ex. ใชใซใใใฃใฆใ็ฌใฃใฆใฏใ ใใ ใใ
= ใชใซใใใฃใฆใใใใฃใฆใฏใ ใใ ใใ
= Nani ga attemo warattewa dame dayo.
= No matter what happens, donโt laugh.
โ (casual)ใชใซใใใฃใฆใ็ฌใฃใกใใ ใใ ใใ
= ใชใซใใใฃใฆใใใใฃใกใใ ใใ ใใ
= Nani ga attemo waraccha damedayo.
Related Lesson:
ใชใใ & ใชใใกใ ( = nakya & nakucha)
Link: Click here
๐นใจใใ = tokoro = a place/ just did something / about to do something
โ(casual) ใจใ = toko
Ex. ใใฎๅบใชใๆฌกใฎไฟกๅทใๅณใซๆฒใใฃใใจใใใซใใใใ
= ใใฎใฟใใชใใคใใฎใใใใใใฟใใซใพใใฃใใจใใใซใใใใ
= Sono mise nara tsugi no shingou wo migi ni magatta tokoro ni aru yo.
= That shop is just past the next traffic light on the right.
โ(casual) ใใฎๅบใชใๆฌกใฎไฟกๅทใๅณใซๆฒใใฃใใจใใซใใใใ
= ใใฎใฟใใชใใคใใฎใใใใใใฟใใซใพใใฃใใจใใซใใ
= Sono mise nara tsugi no shingou wo migi ni magatta toko ni aru yo.
Ex. ไปฃๅฎๅฑฑใฃใฆใฉใใชใจใใ๏ผ
= ใ ใใใใใพใฃใฆใฉใใชใจใใ๏ผ
= Daikanyama tte donna tokoro?
= What kind of place is Daikanyama?
โ(casual) ไปฃๅฎๅฑฑใฃใฆใฉใใชใจใ๏ผ
= ใ ใใใใใพใฃใฆใฉใใชใจใ๏ผ
= Daikanyama tte donna toko?
Ex. A is watching a TV drama
A: ใใใฎใใฉใ้ข็ฝใ๏ผใ
= ใใฎใใฉใใใใใใ๏ผ
= Sono dorama omoshiroi?
= Is that drama interesting?
B: ใใใพใใใใจใใใ ใใ่ฉฑใใใใชใใงใใ
= ใใพใใใใจใใใ ใใใฏใชใใใใชใใงใ
= Ima, ii tokoro dakara hanashikakenai de.โจ= This is a good part now, so donโt talk to me?
โ(casual) B: ใใใพใใใใจใใ ใใ่ฉฑใใใใชใใงใใโจ
= ใใพใใใใจใใ ใใใฏใชใใใใชใใงใ
= Ima, ii toko dakara hanashikakenai de.
= This is a good part now, so donโt talk to me?
Ex. ไปใๆฅใใจใใใงใใโจ
= ใใพใใใใจใใใงใใโจ
= Ima, kita tokoro desu.
= I just got here.
โ(casual) ไปใๆฅใใจใใโจ
= ใใพใใใใจใใโจ
= Ima, kita toko.
ย
Related Lesson:
How to use ใจใใ = tokoro
Link : Click here
๐นใฐใใ = bakari = just do something / only someone / something
โ(casual) ใฐใฃใ = bakka
Ex. ใใฎใผใฐใใ้ฃในใฆใใใใ
= ใใฎใผใฐใใใในใฆใใใใ
= Maggie bakari tabete zurui.
= Itโs unfair that only Maggie gets to eat.
โ(casual) ใใฎใผใฐใฃใ้ฃในใฆใใใใ
= ใใฎใผใฐใฃใใในใฆใใใใ
= Maggie bakka tabete zurui.
Ex. ใ่ใฐใใ้ฃในใฆใใชใใง้่ใ้ฃในใชใใใ
= ใใซใใฐใใใในใฆใใชใใงใใใใใในใชใใใ
= Oniku bakari tabete inai de yasai mo tabenasai.
= Donโt just eat meat; eat some vegetables too.
โ(casual) ใ่ใฐใฃใ้ฃในใฆใใชใใง้่ใ้ฃในใชใใใ
= ใใซใใฐใฃใใในใฆใใชใใงใใใใใในใชใใใ
= Oniku bakka tabete inai de yasai mo tabenasai.
Ex. ไปไบใฐใใใฎไบบ็ใฏใคใพใใชใใใ
= ใใใจใฐใใใฎใใใใใฏใคใพใใชใใใ
= Shigoto bakari no jinsei wa tsumaranai yo.
= A life thatโs only work is boring.
โ(casual) ไปไบใฐใฃใใฎไบบ็ใฏใคใพใใชใใใ
= ใใใจใฐใฃใใฎใใใใใฏใคใพใใชใใใ
= Shigoto bakka no jinsei wa tsumaranai yo.
Ex. ใใใในใใฐใใใใฆใใชใใงๅๅผทใใชใใใ
= ใใใในใใฐใใใใฆใใชใใงในใใใใใใชใใใ
= Oshaberi bakari shiteinai de benkyou shinasai.
= Stop just chatting and study.
โ(casual) ใใใในใใฐใฃใใใฆใใชใใงๅๅผทใใชใใใ
= ใใใในใใฐใฃใใใฆใใชใใงในใใใใใใชใใใ
= Oshaberi bakka shiteinai de benkyou shinasai.
Related Lesson : How to use ใฐใใโจ
Link: Click here
๐น (noun + ใฎ ( = no) ) / verb ~ใ ( = ta) + ใพใพ ( = mama) : to leave something as it is / to keep a state unchanged / the way something or someone is
โ Casual form: (noun + ใฎ (= no) ) / verb ~ใ ( = ta) + ใพใใพ ( = manma)
Ex. ใจใขใณใณใใคใใใพใพๅฎถใๅบใฆใใฆใใพใฃใใ
= ใจใขใณใณใใคใใใพใพใใใใงใฆใใฆใใพใฃใใ
= Eakon wo tsuketa mama ie wo detekite shimatta.
= I left the air conditioner on when I left the house.
โ (casual) ใจใขใณใณใใคใใใพใใพๅฎถใๅบใฆใใฆใใพใฃใใ
= ใจใขใณใณใใคใใใพใใพใใใใงใฆใใฆใใพใฃใใ
= Eakon wo tsuketa manma ie wo detekite shimatta.
= I left the air conditioner on when I left the house.
Ex. ไน
ใใถใใซๅ
ใซใใจไผใฃใใใใฎ้ ใฎใพใพใ ใฃใใ
= ใฒใใใถใใซใใจใซใใจใใฃใใใใฎใใใฎใพใพใ ใฃใใ
= Hisashiburi ni motokano to attara anokoro no mama datta.
= When I met my ex-girlfriend for the first time in a while, she was just the same as back then.
โ (casual) ไน
ใใถใใซๅ
ใซใใจไผใฃใใใใฎใใใฎใพใใพใ ใฃใใ
= ใฒใใใถใใซใใจใซใใจใใฃใใใใฎใใใฎใพใใพใ ใฃใใ
= Hisashiburi ni motokano to attara anokoro no manma datta.
Related Lesson: How to use ใพใพ = mama
Link: Click here
Now, let me introduce some common casual words and expression patterns.
โญ๏ธCasual Words
* ใใใใใช = iroirona = various / many kinds of
โ(Casual) Replacing ใ ( = i) with ใ ( = n) โใใใใช( = ironna)
Ex. ใใใใใชใ่ๅญใใใใพใใญใ
= ใใใใใชใใใใใใใพใใญใ
= Iroirona okashi ga arimasu ne.
= There are many different kinds of snacks, arenโt they?
โ(casual) ใใใใชใ่ๅญใใใใญใ
= ใใใใชใใใใใใใญใ
= Ironna okashi ga aru ne.
* Someone ใฎใใก = no uchi = someoneโs house / home / family
โ(casual) someone + ใใก ( = nchi)
Ex. ๆๆฅใใใฎใผใฎใใกใซ่กใใพใใใ
= ใใใใใใฎใผใฎใใกใซใใใพใใใ
= Ashita, Maggie no uchi ni ikimasu yo.
= I am going to Maggieโs house tomorrow.
โ(casual) ๆๆฅใใใฎใผใใกใซ่กใใใ
= ใใใใใใฎใผใใกใซใใใใ
= Ashita, Maggie-nchi iku yo.
= Iโm going to Maggieโs house tomorrow.
Ex. ๅฝผใฎใใกใฏใใกใใฃใจๅคใใฃใฆใใใใใญใ
= ใใใฎใใกใฏใใกใใฃใจใใใฃใฆใใใใใญใ
= Kare no uchi wa, chotto kawatteiru karane.
= His family / home is a little unusual, you know.
โ(casual) ๅฝผใใกใฏใใกใใฃใจๅคใใฃใฆใใใใใญใ
= ใใใใกใฏใใกใใฃใจใใใฃใฆใใใใใญใ
= Karenchi wa, chotto kawatte iru karane.
๐ธๅฐใ = ใใใ = sukoshiย = a little (more formal: ๅฐใ = ใใใใใใ= shoushou )
โ(casual) ใกใใฃใจ = chotto
Ex. ๅฐใ
ใๅพ
ใกใใ ใใใ
= ใใใใใใใใพใกใใ ใใใ
= Shoushou omachi kudasai.
= Please wait a moment.
โ(casual) ใกใใฃใจๅพ
ใฃใฆใ
= ใกใใฃใจใพใฃใฆใ
= Chotto matte.
= Wait a moment.
Ex. ๅฐใๆใใฎใงใจใขใณใณใใคใใฆใใใพใใ๏ผ
= ใใใใใคใใฎใงใจใขใณใณใใคใใฆใใใพใใ๏ผ
= Sukoshi atsui node eakon wo tsukete kuremasu ka?
= Itโs a little hot, so could you turn on the air conditioner?
โ (casual) ใกใใฃใจๆใใฎใงใจใขใณใณใใคใใฆใใใ๏ผ
= ใกใใฃใจใใคใใฎใงใจใขใณใณใใคใใฆใใใ๏ผ
= Chotto atsui node eakon wo tsuktete kureru?
= Itโs a bit hot, so can you turn on the air conditioner?
Note: ใกใใฃใจ ( = chotto) has many other usages.
It can mean โa little,โ soften requests, express a subtle or vague refusal, or make expressions sound less direct.
Related lesson: ใกใใฃใจ = chotto
Link: Click here
๐ธใใใฉใ = keredomo = but / however
โ(casual) ใใฉ = kedo
Ex. ใใฎใ่ใ้ซใใใใฉใ็พๅณใใใงใใญใ
= ใใฎใใซใใใใใใใใฉใใใใใใงใใญใ
= Kono oniku, takai keredomo oishii desu ne.
= This meat is expensive, but itโs delicious.
โ(casual) ใใฎใ่ใ้ซใใใฉ็พๅณใใใญใ
= ใใฎใใซใใใใใใใฉใใใใใญใ
= Kono oniku, takai kedo oishii ne.
๐ธDemonstratives
โ ใฉใกใ = dochira = which one / which way
โ(casual) ใฉใฃใก = docchi
โ
ใใ = koko = here / ใใ = kore = this one (polite: ใใกใ)
โ(casual) ใใฃใก = kocchi = here , this one
Ex. ใฉใกใใใใใงใใ๏ผ / ใฉใกใใๅฅฝใใงใใ๏ผ
= ใฉใกใใใใใงใใ๏ผ / ใฉใกใใใใใงใใ๏ผ
= Dochiga ga ii desu ka? / Dochira ga suki desu ka?
= Which one do you like better?
โ(casual) ใฉใฃใกใใใ๏ผ / ใฉใฃใกใๅฅฝใ๏ผ
= ใฉใฃใกใใใ๏ผ / ใฉใฃใกใใใ๏ผ
= Docchi ga ii? / Docchi ga suki?
= Which one do you like better?
โ ใใ = soko = there / ใใกใ = sochira (polite) = there / that one / that personโจโ(Casual) ใใฃใก = socchi
Ex. ไปใใใกใใซๅใใฃใฆใใพใใ
= ใใพใใใกใใซใใใฃใฆใใพใใ
= Ima, sochira ni mukatte imasu.
= Iโm on my way.
โ(casual) ไปใใใฃใกใซๅใใฃใฆใพใใ
= ใใพใใใฃใกใซใใใฃใฆใพใใ
= Ima, socchi ni mukatte imasu.
= Iโm on my way.
โ
ใใใ = asoko = over there
โ(casual) ใใฃใก = acchi
Ex. ใใฃใกใซ่กใฃใฆ๏ผ
= ใใฃใกใซใใฃใฆ๏ผ
= Acchi ni itte!
= Go over there!/ Get out of here.
Related Lesson: ใใใใฉ่จ่ = ใใใใฉใใจใฐ = Kosoado kotoba
Link: Click here
๐ธใใฃใฑใ = yappari = as I thought / on second thought
โ(casual) ใใฃใฑ = yappa
Ex. ใใฃใฑใใๅคใฏใใญใณใญใณใซๅทใใใใผใซใซ้ใใพใใญใ
= ใใฃใฑใใใชใคใฏใใญใณใญใณใซใฒใใใใผใซใซใใใใพใใญใ
= Yappari, natsu wa, kinkin ni hieta biiru ni kagirimasu ne.
= Nothing beats an ice-cold beer in summer.
โ(casual) ใใฃใฑใๅคใฏใใญใณใญใณใซๅทใใใใผใซใซ้ใใญใ
= ใใฃใฑใใชใคใฏใใญใณใญใณใซใฒใใใใผใซใซใใใใญใ
= Yappa, natsu wa, kinkin ni hieta biiru ni kagiru ne.
Related Lesson: ใใฃใฑใ = yappari
Link: Click here
๐ธใใกใใจ = kichinto =ย properly / to do things right
โ(casual) ใกใใใจ = chanto
Ex. ใใกใใจใ้ฃในใชใใใ
= ใใกใใจใใในใชใใใ
= Kichinto, tabenasai.
= Eat properly.
โ(casual) ใกใใใจใ้ฃในใชใใใ
= ใกใใใจใใในใชใใใ
= Chanto, tabenasai.
๐ธใงใฏ = dewa = then / with / by something / in that case/ See you/ well
โ(casual) ใใใ / ใใ = jaa / ja
Ex. ใงใฏใใพใ (ไผใใพใใใ๏ผใ
= ใงใฏใใพใ (ใใใพใใใ๏ผใ
= Dewa, mata (aimashou).
= Iโll see you.
โ(casual) ใใใใพใ / ใใใพใใญใ
= jaa mata/ ja mata ne
= See you!
* ใงใฏ = dewa = under or with a certain condition (negative context)
Ex. ใใฎ้จใงใฏ่ช่ปข่ปใงๅธฐใใชใใ
= ใใฎใใใงใฏใใฆใใใใงใใใใชใใ
= Kono ame dewa jitensha de kaerenai.
= I canโt ride my bike in this rain.
โ(casual) ใใฎ้จใใ่ช่ปข่ปใงๅธฐใใชใใ
= ใใฎใใใใใใฆใใใใงใใใใชใใ
= Kono ame ja jitensha de kaerenai.
Ex. ใใใช่ชฌๆใงใฏใใใใชใใ
= ใใใชใใคใใใงใฏใใใใชใใ
= Sonna setsumei dewa wakaranai.
= I donโt understand with an explanation like that.
โ(casual) ใใใช่ชฌๆใใใใใใชใใ
= ใใใชใใคใใใใใใใใชใใ
= Sonna setsumei ja wakaranai
Related Lesson: Click here
๐ธUsing the small ใฃ( = tsu) with adverbs and i-adjectives
Small ใฃ ( = tsu) โ Emphasizing feelingsย โveryโ
Adverbs:
* ใจใฆใ = totemo = very
โ (casual) ใจใฃใฆใ ( = tottemo)
* ใใใ = sugoku = very / extremely
โ(casual) ใใฃใใ = suggoku
* ใใกใใใกใ = mechakucha = very / extremely / super
โ(casual) ใใฃใกใใใกใ = mecchakucha
โ(more casual) ใใฃใกใ = meccha
Ex. ใใฃใใใใใใ๏ผ
= Suggoku oishii
= This is super delicious!
Ex. ๆ่ฟใใใฃใกใๅฟใใใ
= ใใใใใใใฃใกใใใใใใใ
= Saikin, meccha isogashii.
= Iโve been super busy lately.
* i-adjectives
* ๅฐใใ = ใกใใใ = chiisai = small
โ(casual) ใกใฃใกใใ = chicchai
* ๆใใ = ใใใใใ = atatakai = warm
โ(casual)ใใฃใใใ = attakai
* ๅคงใใ = ใใใใ = ookii = big / large
โ(casual) ใใฃใใ = Okkii
Drop the ใ and attach a small ใฃ ( = tsu) at the end, or insert ใฃ ( = tsu) inside the word to make it sound more expressive. This is very common in everyday conversation, especially among young people.
* ๅฎใ = ใใใ = yasui = cheap
โ(casual) ใใใฃ / ใใฃใ = yasuh/ yassu
* ใใใ = sugoi = amazing / awesome/ great
โ(casual) ใใใฃ = sugoh / ใใฃใ = suggo
Note: You can also stretch the vowel sound to show excitement or for emphasis.
โ(casual) ใใใผใ๏ผ / ใใใใ๏ผ = Sugoooi! = Amazing! / Awesome! (stretched for excitement)
Ex. ใใฃใใใใ๏ผ/ ใใใใ! = Kawwaiii! / Kawaiii! =ย Cuuute! / How cute!
Adjective ใใใใ ( = kashii) : In more casual Japanese among young people, you omit ใใ ( = kashi)
ใใใใ ( = kashii) โใใ ( = i)
Or replace ใ ( = i) with small ใฃ ( = tsu)
* ๆฅใใใใ = ใฏใใใใ = hazukashii = embarrassingโจ
โ(casual) ใฏใใ = hazui / ใฏใใฃ = hazuh
* ้ฃใใ = ใใใใใ = muzukashii = difficult / hard / so difficult!โจ
โ(casual) ใใใ = muzui /ใใใฃ= muzuh
๐ธๅ
จ็ถ = ใใใใ = zenzen = at all
โ(casual) totally, really
You might have learned the word ๅ จ็ถ = ใใใใ ( = zenzen ) is used when you negate something completely.
Ex. ใใฎ่ฌใฏๅ
จ็ถๅนใใชใใ
= ใใฎใใใใฏใใใใใใใชใใ
= Kono kusuri wa zenzen kikanai.
= This medicine doesnโt work at all.
Ex. ๆฅๆฌ่ชใฎๆๆณใๅ
จ็ถใใใใชใใ
= ใซใปใใใฎใถใใฝใใใใใใใใใใชใใ
= Nihongo no bunpou ga zenzen wakaranai.
= I donโt understand Japanese grammar at all.
Ex. ๆจๆฅใฎ่ฉฆ้จใฏๅ
จ็ถใงใใชใใฃใใ
= ใใฎใใฎใใใใฏใใใใใงใใชใใฃใใ
= Kinou no shiken wa zenzen dekinakatta.
= I couldnโt do yesterdayโs exam at all.
Ex. ่ฒป็จใฎใใจใฏๅ
จ็ถๆฐใซใใชใใงใใ ใใใ
= ใฒใใใฎใใจใฏใใใใใใซใใชใใงใใ ใใใ
= Hiyou no koto wa zenzen ki ni shinai de kudasai.
= Donโt worry about the cost at all.
Ex. ใๅฟ้
ใฏๅ
จ็ถใใใพใใใ
= ใใใใฑใใฏใใใใใใใพใใ
= Goshinpai wa zenzen irimasen
= Thereโs absolutely no need to worry.
(More conversational)
โฌ๏ธ
People often use ๅ
จ็ถ = ใใใใ to emphasize something in a positive way, like โtotallyโ or โreallyโ in conversation.
Ex. A: ใ่ท็ฉ้ใใชใ๏ผใ
= ใซใใคใใใใชใ๏ผ
= Nimotsu omokunai?
= Isnโt the luggage heavy?
B: ใๅ
จ็ถๅคงไธๅคซ๏ผใ
= ใใใใใ ใใใใใถ๏ผ
= Zenzen daijoubu!
= Totally fine!
Ex. A: ใๅ้ซชๅใใใใโฆใ
= ใพใใใฟใใใใใโฆ
= Maegami kirisugita.
= I cut my bangs too shortโฆ
B: ใใชใใง๏ผๅ
จ็ถใใใใใ
= ใชใใง๏ผใใใใใใใใ
= Nande? Zenzen ii yo.
= Why? It looks totally fine.
Ex. A: ใใใฎๆไผผๅใใใช๏ผใ
= ใใฎใตใใซใใใใช๏ผ
= Kono fuku niau kana?
= Does this outfit look good on me?
B: ใๅ
จ็ถไผผๅใใ๏ผใ
= ใใใใใซใใใ๏ผ
= Zenzen niau yo.
= It looks really good on you!
Related Lesson:
How to use ๅ
จใ & ๅ
จ็ถ = ใพใฃใใ & ใใใใ = mattaku & zenzen
Link:ย Click here
๐นๆฎ้ = ใตใคใ = futsuu
ๆฎ้ = ใตใคใ ( = futsuu) means โnormal / standard / usualโโจ
โๆฎ้ใซ = ใตใคใใซ ( = futsuu ni) normally / in a usual way / justโฆ
However, in casual Japanese โ especially among young people โ ๆฎ้ใซ = ใตใคใใซ = futsuu niย can also mean: actually, surprisingly, honestly, not that bad, better than expected.
Itโs often used to express that something is better (or stronger) than expected, which can sound confusing even for Japanese people.
For example, you might hear young people say:
Ex. ๆฎ้ใซ็พๅณใใใ
= ใตใคใใซใใใใใ
= Futsuu ni oishii.
= Itโs pretty tasty. / Itโs actually good. (better than expected)
You might wonder whether itโs a compliment or not.
It really depends on the speaker.
Itโs usually used when someone didnโt expect the food to be that good, but actually finds it tasty.
So be careful when you say that.
Itโs best to avoid using it with someone who is treating you to a meal or has cooked for you.
Ex. ใใฎ็ถๆณใงๅใคใชใใฆๆฎ้ใซใใใใใญใ
= ใใฎใใใใใใใงใใคใชใใฆใตใคใใซใใใใใญใ
= Ano jouyou de katsunante futsuu ni sugoiyone.
= Winning in that situation is actually amazing, right?.
***
ใใฎใผๅ
็ใใ = ใใฎใผใใใใใใ = Maggie Sensei yori = From Maggie Sensei
ใใฎใฌใในใณใๆฎ้ใซ้ข็ฝใใฃใ๏ผ
= ใใฎใฌใในใณใใตใคใใซใใใใใใฃใ๏ผ
= Kono ressun, futsuu ni omoshirokatta?
= Was this lesson not too bad?
ใใใใใพใๆฌกใฎใฌใในใณใงไผใใใญ๏ผ
= ใใใใใพใใคใใฎใฌใในใณใงใใใใญ๏ผ
= Jaa, mata tsugi no ressun de aoune!
= Alright, see you in the next lesson!
****
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